Intelligent and Adaptive Traffic Light Controller (IA-TLC) using FPGA

For the econom ic development and progress of any
country, roads play an important role by providing
transportation ease for goods as well as for passengers. The
number of vehicles on road is increasing day by day which are
controlled by the traditional Traffic Light Controller in the
countries like India and other developing countries. In traditional
Traffic Light Controller, fixed time is allotted for traffic on each
road to pass irrespective of the traffic intensity. This is an
inefficient controlling method which consumes time, effort and
fuel of users unnecessarily; also it doesn’t have any provision of
sensing and giving priority for the emergency vehicles to pass
first. This problem is addressed by using Intelligent and
Adaptive Traffic Light Controller (IA-TLC) implemented on
FPGA using verilog as an example ofFSM with 35 states.FPGA,
microcontroller and ASIC designs have been used for traffic light
controller. Reason for selecting FPGA is that it has numerous
merits over microcontroller in TLC design. Some of these merits
are high speed of operation, more number of inputloutput ports
and better performance 111. In IA-TLC density of traffic is
sensed by using IR sensors throughout day and night, and
accordingly time is allotted for users to pass. Other advantages of
this system are: i) System senses emergency vehicles on the
individual road moreover it gives priority to the traffic of that
particular road where the emergency vehicles is sensed. ii)Finds
out defaulter who crosses the red signal by capturing images
using camera. IA-TLC is successfully implemented on Spartan
3E FPGA and same module is simulated for Spartan-3E,
Spartan-6, Virtex-5FPGA.